By using this technique, a large number of Arduino LED Matrix Scrolling Text can be controlled using fewer pins. For example, by connecting 8 rows and 8 columns together, only 16 pins are needed to control all the LED dots of the entire 8x8 dot matrix display. This technique is very popular when controlling LED displays and can be extended to larger dot matrix displays and other LED applications.
In multiplexing technology, each LED point is activated for a very short time. By activating each column in turn for a specific time period and selecting the corresponding row to light up the corresponding LED, all the LED points that need to be lit in the entire dot matrix are lit. Since the activation time of each column is very short, no more than 8 LED points are lit at any time. The column switching speed is very fast (hundreds or thousands of times per second), and the purpose of this high-speed switching is to make the human eye perceive that the display is fully lit, thereby providing a stable and continuous image effect. Under this technology, large-scale LED dot matrix displays can be easily controlled using very few pins, providing more convenient and low-cost display solutions for various industries.
MAX7219 Chip
The only problem with multiplexing is that you have to refresh the display all the time to keep the image stable.
Then there’s the MAX7219 Chip, which handles all of the control and refresh work for you. All you have to do is send it serial commands through the 4-pin SPI interface, and it will take care of the rest.
| Rset vs. Segment current and LED forward voltage | |||||
| ISEG (mA) | VLED (V) | ||||
| 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | |
| 40 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 9.69 |
| 30 | 17.8 | 17.1 | 15.8 | 15.0 | 14.0 |
| 20 | 29.8 | 28.0 | 25.9 | 24.5 | 22.6 |
| 10 | 66.7 | 63.7 | 59.3 | 55.4 | 51.2 |
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